I.Procurement Procedures

    1.1Principle of Competitive Bidding

    In principle, goods and services for projects financed under German Financial Cooperation will be procured by the purchaser by way of competitive bidding.

    If competition is satisfactory, bidding may be limited to businesses domiciled in the Federal Republic of Germany that exercise a significant part of their business there and do not essentially rely on goods and services from other countries.

    Exceptions to the principle of competitive bidding are made in cases where

    there are only a limited number of suppliers of the goods or services needed (restricted competitive bidding);

    technical and/or financial reasons justify direct procurement.

    These Guidelines for Procurement apply to these cases accordingly.

    1.2Engagement of Consultants

    For the administration of the procurement procedures, the purchaser will as a rule commission an independent qualified consultant whose tasks include the preparation of the bidding documents, the evaluation of the bids, assistance to the purchaser in the contract award as well as in the drafting of, and negotia-tions on, the contracts.

    1.3Content of Bidding Documents

    The purpose of the bidding documents is to inform potential bidders about the goods and services required, the terms and conditions on which they are to be provided, and the time period allowed for delivery. The documents should be drawn up in such a manner as to ensure fair competition with equal opportunities to all bidders. While scope and substance of the documents depend on the individual project they should normally include: general information about the project; design documents ensuring the neutrality of technical specifications; sample form of tender; general and specific conditions of contract; technical specifications and bill of quantities or, in particular cases, performance specifications; standard forms of bid bond, advance payment bond, and performance bond.

    The terms and conditions should clearly and unequivocally specify the obliga-tions to be undertaken by the successful bidder. This applies above all to the volume of goods and services, place of performance, liability, warranties, and public charges to be borne by the bidder.

    The bidding documents should also state whether alternative bids are acceptable and indicate the standards to be complied with as well as the units of measurement to be used in the bid.

    

    一.、采购程序

    1.1竞标原则

    原则上，资金来自 德国财政合作项下项目的货物和服务将被买方以竞标的方式进行采购。

    如果竞争是满意的 ，招标范围将被限制在德意志联邦共和国内的企业，其能在商务活动中具有重要行使能力并且不主要依赖来自其他国家的货物和服务。

    如果以下情况发生 ，则是对于竞标原则的例外：

    - 货物和服务的供货 商数量有限（有限竞标）

    - 技术和/或财政的因素，证 明直接采购是正确可行的

    因此，这些采购的 指导方针将应用于这些情况。

    1.2咨询顾问的指定

    由于采购过程的管 理，买方通常将任命一位独立合格的咨询顾问，其工作包括招标文件的制作，评标，帮助买方授予合同并负责合同的起草和谈判。

    1.3招标文件的内容

    招标文件的目的是 通知潜在的投标人有关所要采购的货物和服务，合同的条款和条件及交货的时间安排。起草的招标文件应该保证所有的投标人具有同等的公平竞争机会。根据单一项目招标文件的范围和内容，文件中一般应包含：项目的概括信息 ；保证技术规格客观性的设计文件；投标的样本表格；合同的一般和特殊条款；技术规格和数量清单，在一些特殊情况，还应附有性能规格，投标保证金保函，预付款保函和履约保函的标准样本。

    条款和条件应该清 楚明晰地规定中标人应承担的义务。此义务首先指货物和服务的数量，性能，责任，保证的地点和投标人承担的公用费用。

    招标文件也应该表 明更改投标价格是否接受，同时表明本次招标中所使用的标准和尺寸单位。

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